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NCARB ARE 5.0 Project Planning & Design (PPD) Sample Questions (Q31-Q36):
NEW QUESTION # 31
An elementary school requires a renovation, selective demolition, and a major addition in order to accommodate a growing student population. The school is located in a temperate coastal climate that requires almost equal heating and cooling days during the year. Good indoor air quality and increased energy efficiency are priorities.
Given the building use and site location, which of the following approaches should be used for the mechanical system in the school?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:
A geothermal system is highly efficient for climates requiring balanced heating and cooling, such as temperate coastal zones. It provides stable, efficient temperature control and good indoor air quality.
Hydronic convection (A) and CAV systems (C) are less efficient and have slower response.
Evaporative cooling and Trombe walls (D) are best for dry climates.
Geothermal HVAC systems support sustainability goals in schools with fluctuating heating/cooling needs.
References:
ARE 5.0 PPD - Building Systems and Assemblies, Mechanical Systems
The Architect's Handbook of Professional Practice, 15th Edition - Sustainable HVAC
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NEW QUESTION # 32
An architect has just received client approval of the Schematic Design documents for a three-story, outpatient medical clinic. The clinic is located within a mixed-use development governed by a City-approved Planned Development (PD) document. The medical clinic design utilizes standardized departmental layouts and includes outpatient clinics, as well as treatment spaces, administrative spaces and public/lobby spaces.
The site needs to accommodate four different vehicular traffic flows: patient traffic, staff traffic, service and delivery traffic, and emergency services traffic. In addition, a pedestrian plaza must connect to the mixed-use development sidewalks. The plaza must provide space for bicycle parking and will serve as the future bus stop.
The site design addresses several challenges related to building orientation. The southeast facade, with excellent visibility from the highway, is the location of all service equipment. The building entrance faces northwest, convenient to the parking but not visible from the highway.
The client believes future patient volumes will outgrow the clinic. The PD document allows for a planned Phase 2 development on the adjacent vacant site to the southwest. Phase 2 would include a second building (2 story, 80,000 BGSF) and/or a parking deck.
Other considerations for the project include:
* Protected tree requirements are defined in the PD document.
* Easy pedestrian access must be provided from Sycamore Boulevard.
* All required parking for the clinic must be accommodated on site.
* Programmed area includes 109,450 Departmental Gross Square Feet (DGSF) / 130,184 Building Gross Square Feet (BGSF).
* Exterior material percentages are dictated by the PD document and shall not exceed specific percentages for Primary and Secondary Finishes.
* All service equipment needs to be screened; see PD document for restrictions.
* Signage opportunities are important to the client.
* Acoustical privacy is a concern of the healthcare system.
The following resources are available for your reference:
* Drawings, including a perspective, plans, and exterior elevations
* Building Program, including client's departmental program and detailed program for Treatment 01 (Infusion)
* Exterior Material Cost Comparisons
* Planned Development Document
* IBC Excerpts, showing relevant code sections
* ADA Excerpts, showing relevant sections from the ADA Standards for Accessible Design The owner is considering fitting out part of the shell space on the third floor as a cafeteria with tables and chairs and a 1,000-square-foot kitchen. The architect notes that the aggregate occupant load is 325 for the spaces already planned for the third floor and the proposed kitchen.
What is the net area that can be allocated to the cafeteria before a third exit stair is needed from the third floor?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:
According to IBC egress requirements, the number of exits depends on occupant load and travel distance. For occupant loads over 300, additional exits (such as a third exit stair) may be required.
Given the current occupant load (325 including kitchen), the net area allowed for the cafeteria before requiring a third exit stair can be calculated based on occupant load factors for dining areas (typically about
15 sq ft per occupant).
Multiplying occupant load capacity by occupant load factor yields the net area.
The value 2,625 square feet (Answer B) corresponds to the maximum area before exceeding the occupant load threshold requiring a third exit stair.
References:
IBC Chapter 10 - Means of Egress
ARE 5.0 PPD - Codes and Regulations
NEW QUESTION # 33
Refer to the exhibit (building subjected to wind with force diagrams A, B, C, D).
Which of the force diagrams shown correctly represents the resultant wind forces causing an overturning effect on the building and the forces that resist this overturning effect? (Direction and point of application of forces are to be considered; magnitude of forces is not.)
Answer: C
Explanation:
The diagram shows a building exposed to wind loading, which causes lateral pressure (P_w) on the windward wall and suction (negative pressure) on the leeward wall, generating an overturning moment about the base of the building.
* Diagram A correctly shows:
* The wind pressure (P_w) pushing on the windward wall, producing a lateral force applied at approximately two-thirds the building height (h), which tends to overturn the building.
* The wind suction (P_l) pulling on the leeward wall, acting in the opposite direction but also contributing to the overturning moment.
* The reaction forces at the base resist this overturning: an uplift force (negative vertical reaction) on the windward side and a downward force on the leeward side, counterbalancing the moment.
* Diagrams B, C, and D incorrectly orient or place the forces or reactions, failing to accurately depict the overturning moment and the corresponding resisting forces.
NCARB ARE 5.0 PPD guidelines on environmental conditions emphasize understanding wind load effects, including lateral pressures, suction, overturning moments, and foundation reactions essential for structural design and safety.
References:
ARE 5.0 Project Planning & Design Content Outline: Environmental Conditions and Context - Wind Loads and Structural Response ASCE 7-16: Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures (Wind Load Provisions) The Architect's Handbook of Professional Practice, 15th Edition, Chapter 13: Building Codes, Standards, and Regulations
NEW QUESTION # 34
A client asks that a lighting system be designed using the initial lamp lumen output.
Which of the following effects would this request have on the standard light design?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:
Designing lighting systems based on initial lamp lumen output (the maximum light output when lamps are new) without accounting for lumen depreciation (light loss over time) typically leads to increased number of lamps or fixtures to compensate for future light loss, ensuring adequate illumination throughout the system's life.
This approach does not directly affect glare (B, D).
It does not decrease the number of lamps (A); it often increases them for safety margin.
References:
ARE 5.0 PPD - Environmental Conditions and Context, Lighting Design
The Architect's Handbook of Professional Practice, 15th Edition - Lighting
NEW QUESTION # 35
An architect is designing overhangs for a building on a site in the southeastern United States. The architect desires to minimize heat gain during the summer months.
Click in the sun on the solar path diagram that the architect should consider when designing the overhangs.
Answer:
Explanation:
Explanation:
A diagram of solar path diagram AI-generated content may be incorrect.
* The solar path diagram shows the sun's trajectory through the sky at different times of the year.
* In the southeastern U.S., during summer months, the sun reaches a high altitude (near the top of the solar path diagram), typically toward the southern sky.
* Designing overhangs to block this high summer sun reduces direct solar heat gain inside the building, improving thermal comfort and reducing cooling loads.
* The lower sun position corresponds to winter when sunlight penetration is beneficial for passive solar heating and daylighting, so overhangs should allow low-angle winter sun while shading high-angle summer sun.
On the provided diagrams, the sun symbol at the highest arc near the south (the highest yellow sun on the upper diagram) represents the summer sun path to focus on for shading design.
NEW QUESTION # 36
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