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Ian Shaw Ian Shaw

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Linux Foundation CNPA 認定試験の出題範囲：

トピック
出題範囲

トピック 1

Platform Engineering Core Fundamentals: This section of the exam measures the skills of Supplier Management Consultants and covers essential foundations such as declarative resource management, DevOps practices, application environments, platform architecture, and the core goals of platform engineering. It also includes continuous integration fundamentals, delivery approaches, and GitOps principles.

トピック 2

Platform Observability, Security, and Conformance: This part of the exam evaluates Procurement Specialists on key aspects of observability and security. It includes working with traces, metrics, logs, and events while ensuring secure service communication. Policy engines, Kubernetes security essentials, and protection in CI
CD pipelines are also assessed here.

トピック 3

IDPs and Developer Experience: This section of the exam measures the skills of Supplier Management Consultants and focuses on improving developer experience. It covers simplified access to platform capabilities, API-driven service catalogs, developer portals for platform adoption, and the role of AI
ML in platform automation.

トピック 4

Platform APIs and Provisioning Infrastructure: This part of the exam evaluates Procurement Specialists on the use of Kubernetes reconciliation loops, APIs for self-service platforms, and infrastructure provisioning with Kubernetes. It also assesses knowledge of the Kubernetes operator pattern for integration and platform scalability.

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Linux Foundation Certified Cloud Native Platform Engineering Associate 認定 CNPA 試験問題 (Q67-Q72):

質問 # 67
In the context of Agile methodology, which principle aligns best with DevOps practices in platform engineering?

A. Teams should strictly adhere to initial project plans without making adjustments during development.
B. Development and operations teams should remain separate to maintain clear responsibilities.
C. Teams should continuously gather feedback and iterate on their work to improve outcomes.
D. Customer involvement should be limited during the development process to avoid disruptions.

正解：C

解説：
Agile and DevOps share the principle of continuous improvement through rapid feedback and iteration.
Option B is correct because gathering feedback continuously and iterating aligns directly with DevOps practices such as CI/CD, observability-driven development, and platform engineering's focus on developer experience. This ensures platforms and applications evolve quickly in response to real-world conditions.
Option A contradicts Agile, which emphasizes active customer collaboration. Option C reflects rigid waterfall methodologies, not Agile or DevOps. Option D enforces silos, which is the opposite of DevOps principles of cross-functional collaboration.
By embracing continuous feedback loops, both Agile and platform engineering accelerate delivery, improve resilience, and ensure that platforms deliver real value to developers and end users. This cultural alignment ensures both speed and quality in cloud native environments.
References:- Agile Manifesto Principles- CNCF Platforms Whitepaper- Cloud Native Platform Engineering Study Guide

質問 # 68
A platform team is implementing an API-driven approach to enable development teams to consume platform capabilities more effectively. Which of the following examples best illustrates this approach?

A. Implementing a CI/CD pipeline that automatically deploys updates to the platform based on developer requests.
B. Allowing developers to request and manage development environments on demand through an internal tool.
C. Developing a dashboard that visualizes platform usage statistics without exposing any APIs.
D. Providing a documented process for developers to submit feature requests for the platform.

正解：B

解説：
An API-driven approach in platform engineering enables developers to interact with the platform programmatically through self-service capabilities. Option C is correct because giving developers the ability to request and manage environments on demand via APIs or internal tooling exemplifies the API-first model. This approach abstracts infrastructure complexity, reduces manual intervention, and ensures automation and repeatability-all key goals of platform engineering.
Option A is a traditional request/response workflow but does not empower developers with real-time, self- service capabilities. Option B provides visibility but does not expose APIs for consumption or management.
Option D focuses on automating platform updates rather than enabling developer interaction with platform services.
By exposing APIs for services such as provisioning environments, databases, or networking, the platform team empowers developers to operate independently while maintaining governance and consistency. This improves developer experience and accelerates delivery, aligning with internal developer platform (IDP) practices.
References:- CNCF Platforms Whitepaper- CNCF Platform Engineering Maturity Model- Cloud Native Platform Engineering Study Guide

質問 # 69
A platform engineering team needs to provide comprehensive cost visibility for Kubernetes workloads to optimize infrastructure utilization. Which tool is recommended to achieve this goal?

A. Cloud provider cost estimation tools with basic Kubernetes integration.
B. OpenCost for real-time, granular Kubernetes cost allocation and analysis.
C. Kubernetes resource usage metrics paired with cloud provider billing data.
D. Application performance monitoring tools with limited resource cost tracking.

正解：B

解説：
OpenCost is the CNCF-supported open-source project designed specifically for Kubernetes cost visibility and optimization. Option B is correct because OpenCost provides granular, real-time allocation of Kubernetes costs across namespaces, workloads, and teams. This allows organizations to understand true cost drivers and optimize resource utilization effectively.
Option A (APM tools) may track performance but usually lack deep integration with Kubernetes cost allocation. Option C provides partial visibility but requires complex manual correlation of resource usage with billing data. Option D (cloud provider estimators) typically offer limited or high-level insights and do not map costs down to Kubernetes workloads.
By adopting OpenCost, platform teams can align financial accountability with engineering usage, a practice known as FinOps. This supports sustainable scaling, cost efficiency, and transparency-critical aspects of measuring platform success.
References:- CNCF OpenCost Project- CNCF Platforms Whitepaper- Cloud Native Platform Engineering Study Guide

質問 # 70
A Platform Team is adopting the HEART framework to measure user experience of their developer portal.
Which of the following aspects does the HEART framework primarily focus on to help improve developer experience and platform performance?

A. HEART tracks Happiness, Engagement, Adoption, Reliability, and Throughput, helping teams optimize infrastructure performance.
B. HEART focuses on Happiness, Efficiency, Availability, Reliability, and Throughput, enabling teams to assess both qualitative and quantitative aspects of platform performance.
C. HEART evaluates Hardware, Efficiency, Availability, Response times, and Throughput to measure and ensure platform reliability and performance.
D. HEART focuses on Happiness, Engagement, Adoption, Retention, and Task success, enabling teams to track both qualitative and quantitative metrics for user experience.

正解：D

解説：
The HEART framework was developed by Google to measure user experience using both qualitative and quantitative indicators. Option C is correct because HEART stands for Happiness, Engagement, Adoption, Retention, and Task success. In platform engineering, this framework is applied to measure developer experience with internal developer portals (IDPs) and other platform components.
Option A and D misrepresent the acronym by replacing its original user-experience focus with infrastructure- oriented metrics. Option B substitutes Reliability for Retention, which is incorrect.
By applying HEART, platform teams can measure satisfaction (Happiness), frequency of use (Engagement), onboarding success (Adoption), long-term value (Retention), and ability to complete tasks effectively (Task success). This helps teams identify pain points, iterate on golden paths, and improve the usability of their platform.
References:- CNCF Platforms Whitepaper- Google HEART Framework for UX Measurement- Cloud Native Platform Engineering Study Guide

質問 # 71
In a GitOps approach, how should the desired state of a system be managed and integrated?

A. By storing it in Git, and manually pushing updates through CI/CD pipelines.
B. By storing it so it is versioned and immutable, and pulled automatically into the system.
C. By using a centralized management tool to push changes immediately to all environments.
D. As custom Kubernetes resources, stored and applied directly to the system.

正解：B

解説：
The GitOps model is built on the principle that the desired state of infrastructure and applications must be stored in Git as the single source of truth. Option D is correct because Git provides versioning, immutability, and auditability, while reconciliation controllers (e.g., Argo CD or Flux) pull the desired state into the system continuously. This ensures that actual cluster state always matches the declared Git state.
Option A is partially correct but fails because GitOps eliminates manual push workflows-automation ensures changes are pulled and reconciled. Option B describes Kubernetes CRDs, which may be part of the system but do not embody GitOps on their own. Option C contradicts GitOps principles, which rely on pull- based reconciliation, not centralized push.
Storing desired state in Git provides full traceability, automated rollbacks, and continuous reconciliation, improving reliability and compliance. This makes GitOps a core practice for cloud native platform engineering.
References:- CNCF GitOps Principles- CNCF Platforms Whitepaper- Cloud Native Platform Engineering Study Guide

質問 # 72
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だれでも成功したいのです。IT業界で働いているあなたはLinux FoundationのCNPA試験の重要性を知っているのでしょう。Linux FoundationのCNPA試験に参加する人はますます多くなっています。競争がこのように激しい情況で勝つためにどうしますか。ふさわしいアシスタントを選ぶのは一番重要なのです。CertShikenはLinux FoundationのCNPA試験を長い時間で研究しますので、この試験を深く了解しています。我々提供するLinux FoundationのCNPAソフトであなたはきっと試験に合格できます。

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