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ISACA CISA certification is one of the most highly recognized and respected certifications in the field of information systems auditing. Certified Information Systems Auditor certification is designed for professionals who want to demonstrate their knowledge and expertise in the field of auditing, control, and security of information systems. The CISA Certification is globally recognized and is highly valued by employers, making it a great career investment for individuals.
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The CISA certification is an excellent choice for individuals who want to advance their career in the IT audit field. Certified Information Systems Auditor certification provides a comprehensive understanding of IT governance, risk management, and information security, which are critical skills for IT professionals in today's digital age. With the CISA Certification, professionals can demonstrate their expertise and knowledge, which can lead to new career opportunities and higher salaries.
ISACA Certified Information Systems Auditor Sample Questions (Q902-Q907):
NEW QUESTION # 902
An accounting department uses a spreadsheet to calculate sensitive financial transactions. Which of the following is the MOST important control for maintaining the security of data in the spreadsheet?
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 903
When developing a business continuity plan (BCP), which of the following tools should be used to gain an understanding of the organization's business processes?
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
Risk assessment and business impact assessment are tools for understanding business-for-business continuity planning. Business continuity self-audit is a tool for evaluating the adequacy of the BCP, resource recovery analysis is a tool for identifying a business resumption strategy, while the role gap analysis can play in business continuity planning is to identify deficiencies in a plan. Neither of these is used for gaining an understanding of the business.
NEW QUESTION # 904
.What is used as a control to detect loss, corruption, or duplication of data?
Answer: D
Explanation:
Hash totals are used as a control to detect loss, corruption, or duplication of datA .
NEW QUESTION # 905
The operations team of an organization has reported an IS security attack Which of the following should be the FIRST step for the security incident response team?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
The first step for the security incident response team after an IS security attack is reported is to perform a damage assessment. This involves identifying the scope, impact and root cause of the incident, as well as collecting and preserving evidence for further analysis and investigation. Reporting results to management, documenting lessons learned and prioritizing resources for corrective action are important steps, but they should be done after the damage assessment is completed. References: CISA Review Manual (Digital Version), Chapter 6, Section 6.31
NEW QUESTION # 906
Which key is used by the sender of a message to create a digital signature for the message being sent?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
The sender private key is used to calculate the digital signature
The digital signature is used to achieve integrity, authenticity and non-repudiation. In a digital signature, the sender's private key is used to encrypt the message digest (signing) of the message and receiver need to decrypt the same using sender's public key to validate the signature.
A digital signature (not to be confused with a digital certificate) is an electronic signature that can be used to authenticate the identity of the sender of a message or the signer of a document, and possibly to ensure that the original content of the message or document that has been sent is unchanged. Digital signatures are easily transportable, cannot be imitated by someone else, and can be automatically time-stamped. The ability to ensure that the original signed message arrived means that the sender cannot easily repudiate it later.
A digital signature can be used with any kind of message, whether it is encrypted or not, simply so that the receiver can be sure of the sender's identity and that the message arrived intact. A digital certificate contains the digital signature of the certificate-issuing authority so that anyone can verify that the certificate is real.
How It Works
Assume you were going to send the draft of a contract to your lawyer in another town. You want to give your lawyer the assurance that it was unchanged from what you sent and that it is really from you.
You copy-and-paste the contract (it's a short one!) into an e-mail note.
Using special software, you obtain a message hash (mathematical summary) of the contract.
You then use a private key that you have previously obtained from a public-private key authority to encrypt the hash.
The encrypted hash becomes your digital signature of the message. (Note that it will be different each time you send a message.)
At the other end, your lawyer receives the message:
To make sure it's intact and from you, your lawyer makes a hash of the received message.
Your lawyer then uses your public key to decrypt the message hash or summary.
If the hashes match, the received message is valid.
Below are some common reasons for applying a digital signature to communications:
Authentication
Although messages may often include information about the entity sending a message, that information may not be accurate. Digital signatures can be used to authenticate the source of messages. When ownership of a digital signature secret key is bound to a specific user, a valid signature shows that the message was sent by that user. The importance of high confidence in sender authenticity is especially obvious in a financial context. For example, suppose a bank's branch office sends instructions to the central office requesting a change in the balance of an account. If the central office is not convinced that such a message is truly sent from an authorized source, acting on such a request could be a grave mistake.
Integrity
In many scenarios, the sender and receiver of a message may have a need for confidence that the message has not been altered during transmission. Although encryption hides the contents of a message, it may be possible to change an encrypted message without understanding it. (Some encryption algorithms, known as nonmalleable ones, prevent this, but others do not.) However, if a message is digitally signed, any change in the message after signature invalidates the signature. Furthermore, there is no efficient way to modify a message and its signature to produce a new message with a valid signature, because this is still considered to be computationally infeasible by most cryptographic hash functions (see collision resistance).
Non-repudiation
Non-repudiation, or more specifically non-repudiation of origin, is an important aspect of digital signatures.
By this property, an entity that has signed some information cannot at a later time deny having signed it.
Similarly, access to the public key only does not enable a fraudulent party to fake a valid signature.
Note that these authentication, non-repudiation etc. properties rely on the secret key not having been revoked prior to its usage. Public revocation of a key-pair is a required ability, else leaked secret keys would continue to implicate the claimed owner of the key-pair. Checking revocation status requires an
"online" check, e.g. checking a "Certificate Revocation List" or via the "Online Certificate Status Protocol".
Very roughly this is analogous to a vendor who receives credit-cards first checking online with the credit- card issuer to find if a given card has been reported lost or stolen. Of course, with stolen key pairs, the theft is often discovered only after the secret key's use, e.g., to sign a bogus certificate for espionage purposes.
Tip for the exam:
Digital Signature does not provide confidentiality. The sender's private key is used for calculating digital signature
Encryption provides only confidentiality. The receiver's public key or symmetric key is used for encryption The following were incorrect answers:
Sender's Public key - This is incorrect as receiver will require sender's private key to verify digital signature.
Receiver's Public Key - The digital signature provides non-repudiation. The receiver's public key is known to every one. So it can not be used for digital-signature. Receiver's public key can be used for encryption.
Receiver's Private Key - The sender does not know the receiver's private key. So this option is incorrect.
The following reference(s) were/was used to create this question:
CISA review manual 2014 Page number 348
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2b/Digital_Signature_diagram.svg
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_signature
http://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/definition/digital-signature
NEW QUESTION # 907
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